How to Build a Deck Yourself (Step-by-Step)

Thinking about rolling up your sleeves and building your own deck? You absolutely can—if you plan carefully, follow prescriptive building guidance, and stay on top of local permitting and safety. Below is a homeowner-friendly, step-by-step deck-building guide that puts you in control of the process while keeping you aligned with widely accepted standards (so inspectors, guests, and your future self all sleep better at night).

Need professional help? Reach out to Scholten Construction for expert advice or a sanity-check before you cut the first board. We are professional deck builders in Sioux Falls and throughout the surrounding area—and we’re happy to provide our deck building expertise.   

1) Ready to Build a Deck? (Start Here) Planning, Permits, and Deck Design

The most common DIY deck mistake is jumping straight to buying lumber without a precise plan in place. This is the moment to slow down and get specific.

Define how you’ll use the deck (e.g., quiet coffee spot vs. grill party central), measure your space, and sketch at least two variations that show stairs, railings, and furniture footprints. From there, verify local permitting and code triggers. In Sioux Falls, all building permits begin with a plan review. 

If a permit is required, fees start at $40 and increase in proportion to the project cost. When in doubt, call the city first and confirm what you need so you don’t stall mid-build. Then, design from a reliable, prescriptive standard. For residential wood decks, a widely referenced resource is the American Wood Council’s DCA-6 Prescriptive Residential Wood Decks. It includes span tables, ledger details, footing concepts, guard and stair fundamentals, and more—hugely helpful for DIYers who want to “build it right” the first time.

Pro tip: If you’re building a deck yourself, keep your deck design simple your first go-round; rectangles save money, speed up framing, and make inspections easier.

Action items:

• Sketch two concepts, including stairs and furniture placement

• Call your building department about permits/inspections and frost depth

• Design to a prescriptive guide (DCA-6) and your adopted code version

• Create a material takeoff (lumber, hardware, footings, fasteners)

Helpful resources: City of Sioux Falls Building Permits (fees, plan review & phone support). AWC DCA-6 Prescriptive Guide (deck spans, ledger, guards, stairs).

2) Tools & Materials You’ll Need to Build a Deck (Choose Smart, Not Just Cheap)

Before you buy boards, know your decking materials. Pressure-treated wood, like PT Southern Pine, is the most common and budget-friendly structural choice for posts, beams, and joists. For decking, PT boards are economical; composites reduce maintenance; and cedar or tropical hardwoods add beauty (and cost). If wood touches soil or is in splash zones, choose properly rated PT (ground-contact where applicable). For longevity, pair quality lumber with corrosion-resistant connectors and exterior-rated fasteners compatible with treated wood.

On finishes, penetrating stains outperform paint or thick films on wood decks by moving with seasonal expansion/contraction, minimizing flaking and peeling. Tools you’ll actually use: a 12-in. miter saw, circular saw with a sharp framing blade, impact driver, drill, string line, levels (2-ft and 4-ft), framing square, post-hole digger or auger, wheelbarrow, shovel, and safety gear (glasses, hearing protection, dust mask). Add framing clamps and joist hangers to your shopping list; they’ll save time and frustration.

Deck Build Costs Budget snapshot (DIY 12×16 wood deck): materials ~$15–$35+/sq ft, depending on decking type; hardware/footings/finish add-ons $600–$2,000+; permit & inspection $40–$200+. Installed by a contractor, total projects often land around $25–$65+ per sq ft, depending on complexity, stairs/railings, and material selections. (These are loose averages—plan against your quotes and the city’s fee schedule.)

3) Deck Construction Layout, Footings & Posts (Make It Square, Make It Solid)

A deck is only as good as its foundation. Begin by transferring your plan to the yard with stakes and mason’s line. Use the 3-4-5 triangle (or a large diagonal measurement) to square your layout. Mark footing centers, then dig to or below local frost depth (confirm with your building department), keeping sidewalls plumb. Set footing forms (often 10–16 in. dia., depending on loads), and place rebar if required by your jurisdiction. Pour concrete footings, install galvanized post bases at the correct height, and allow proper cure time. For 6×6 posts, plumb each one in its base and brace them temporarily. Keep in mind: footing sizes, post heights, and loads are governed by code/engineering—use prescriptive tables in recognized guides or follow stamped plans. Doing this by the book protects you against movement, racking, and future failure—especially in freeze-thaw climates.

Deck Foundation Steps:

1. Stake & string lines; verify square (measure diagonals)
2. Mark footing centers; dig to code frost depth
3. Set forms; add rebar if required
4. Pour concrete; set post bases at the correct elevation
5. Plumb/braced 6×6 posts in bases

Reference for prescriptive details: AWC DCA-6 footing and post guidance. City Building Services can confirm frost depth and inspection points.

4) Decking Ledgers, Beams & Joists (The Structure That Carries It All)

If your deck attaches to the house, the ledger is mission-critical. Remove siding where the ledger goes, fasten to solid structural framing (not to brick veneer or through foam), and install continuous metal flashing to prevent water intrusion at the house-deck interface. Use code-compliant fasteners/spacing (e.g., through-bolts/lag screws per tables) and joist hangers per manufacturer instructions. Independent (freestanding) decks avoid ledger risks at the expense of extra posts and beams. For beams, laminate built-up members of appropriate size (e.g., two or three 2x members), connect with prescribed nailing patterns, and support on notched posts or approved beam seats. Lay out joists at 12–16 in. on-center (24 in. only when allowed by material span), crown up, and use hangers/blocking to keep everything straight and stiff. For lateral bracing, use diagonal braces or proprietary tension ties as required. The goal: a structure that feels rock-solid on day one, year five, and year fifteen.

Use the guide: Ledger flashing/fastener schedules, joist/beam spans, guard post attachment concepts, and bracing strategies are organized in AWC DCA-6 for homeowner use and inspector clarity.

5) Decking Installation (Build a Deck That is Straight, Spaced, and Secure)

With your frame inspected (where required) and square, you’re ready to install decking. Acclimate wood briefly out of direct sun to reduce surprises. Snap a starter line parallel to the house, cut the first board true, and remove factory edge if needed for a crisp reveal. Maintain consistent gaps (often ~⅛–¼ in. for wood, per manufacturer for composites) for drainage and seasonal movement. Drive fasteners straight and just flush—over-driving weakens holding power and invites water. Hidden fastener systems are a clean option on many composites; follow the brand’s spacing rules. Picture-frame borders and breaker boards look great and help manage staggering on larger surfaces. Around posts, trace and jigsaw carefully, leaving space for finish and movement. Keep up safety housekeeping—collect offcuts and keep the work deck clear to avoid trips.

Finish considerations: For wood decking, penetrating, exterior-rated stains (clear, semi-transparent, or toned) reduce checking and protect against moisture and UV without forming a brittle film. Plan on re-coating schedules appropriate to your climate and sun exposure.

6) Deck Railings, Stairs & Code Basics (Don’t Wing This Part)

If your deck surface is above a threshold (commonly 30 in. in many jurisdictions), you’ll need deck railings that meet height and baluster spacing rules (e.g., the often-referenced “4-inch sphere” rule between balusters). Guard posts must be anchored to resist outward loads—this is where DIY builds often fail. Follow tested post-to-frame connection details and blocking patterns, and use through-bolts and hardware listed for the load.

For stairs, cut stringers from quality, straight lumber, keep treads uniform (rise/run) and add solid landings at grade as required. If you’re adding a gate, lighting, or handrail, plan wiring and posts before closing up the framing. When you follow DCA-6 figures and tables (or your city’s typical deck details), you’ll have a shared language with inspectors—and a safer deck for everyone who uses it.

7) Final Deck Build Details: Deck Staining, Sealing, Maintenance & Protecting Your Investment

Before you rush for the grill, walk every connection. Tighten any loose hardware, confirm hanger nails are the correct type (not drywall screws), and add missing blocking. Ease sharp edges with a sander or block plane on high-touch areas like top rails and stair nosings.

After an appropriate dry-out period for new PT lumber (varies by climate and moisture), apply your penetrating deck finish; re-coat per the manufacturer to extend service life.

Plan a seasonal maintenance loop: spring wash, fall checkup, fastener inspection, and a quick look after major storms. These simple habits keep boards flat, connections tight, and surfaces splinter-free. For the long run, manage drainage under the deck, trim back vegetation for airflow, and avoid trapping leaves and soil against posts and skirting.

Why this matters: Research from the USDA Forest Products Laboratory consistently shows penetrating preservatives and stains perform best on exterior wood decks, resisting moisture and UV while minimizing film failures like peeling—exactly what you want in a high-traffic outdoor space.

8) Deck Inspection & Safety Checklist (Run This Before You Celebrate)

It’s tempting to declare victory once the last screw is in, but a final pass is where you turn a good DIY project into a professional-level build:

• Ledger protection: Continuous flashing in place; fastener schedule per table; no attachment to brick veneer

• Footings/posts: Correct diameter/depth; plumb; proper post bases with uplift resistance as required

• Beams/joists: Spans within table limits; proper bearing; hangers and connectors fully nailed with approved fasteners

• Guards/handrails: Heights correct; 4-in. sphere no-pass at balusters; posts attached with tested detail

• Stairs: Uniform rise/run; secure stringers; solid landing; graspable handrail where required

• Finish: Penetrating stain/seal applied when lumber moisture is appropriate; drainage is clear

Use recognized prescriptive details (DCA-6) as your inspection cheat sheet—they mirror what many inspectors reference and what builders use in the field.

Remember, building a deck requires precision and attention to detail. If you’re uncertain about any step, consider consulting a professional or seeking guidance from experienced deck builders.

Considering Hiring an Experienced Local Deck Builder for the Job?

Creating a beautiful deck can add immense value to your home, providing an outdoor oasis for relaxation and entertainment. It’s tempting to tackle such a project on your own, envisioning a rewarding DIY adventure. However, before grabbing the tools, consider these substantial advantages of hiring an expert local deck builder over attempting a DIY deck construction project –

• Experience and Expertise: Professional deck builders come equipped with years of experience and specialized expertise. They understand the nuances of deck construction, including proper material selection, structural integrity, and local building codes. Their expertise ensures a well-built, safe, and durable deck that complies with regulations, something that might be challenging for a DIY enthusiast to grasp fully.
• Quality Craftsmanship: An expert deck builder brings a level of craftsmanship that’s hard to match. They have honed their skills through countless projects, ensuring precise measurements, intricate designs, and high-quality finishes. Their attention to detail often results in a deck that not only looks stunning but also lasts longer.
• Time and Efficiency: Building a deck requires time, effort, and careful planning. A professional deck builder, however, has streamlined processes, efficient workflows, and access to the right tools. This enables them to complete the project in a fraction of the time it might take an inexperienced individual attempting it on their own.
• Cost-Effectiveness: Contrary to popular belief, hiring a professional can often save money in the long run. Deck builders have established relationships with suppliers, allowing them to procure materials at a better rate. Moreover, their expertise minimizes the chances of costly mistakes or the need for frequent repairs down the line.
• Permitting and Compliance: Building a deck often involves navigating through a maze of permits and regulations. Professional deck builders are well-versed in these requirements and can handle the paperwork and approvals on your behalf. This saves you the hassle of understanding complex building codes and ensures your deck is compliant from the start.
• Safety First: Deck construction involves working with heavy materials, power tools, and elevated surfaces. It can be inherently risky for an amateur without proper safety protocols and training. Professionals prioritize safety, employing industry-standard practices to minimize risks and ensure a safe working environment.
• Design and Customization: Professional deck builders bring creativity and vision to the table. They can assist in designing a deck that complements your home’s architecture and meets your specific needs. Whether you envision a multi-level deck, intricate patterns, or unique features, their expertise can turn your custom deck ideas into a reality.
• Warranty and Guarantees: Reputable deck builders provide warranties on their workmanship and materials. This means that in case of any issues post-construction, they will rectify them without additional costs. DIY projects lack such assurances, leaving you solely responsible for any defects, mistakes, and correction costs.

Ready to Build a Deck? Consult an Expert Deck Builder Today

While a DIY decking project might seem appealing, the expertise, efficiency, and assurance provided by a professional deck builder are unparalleled. Investing in a skilled deck builder not only guarantees a beautiful and functional deck but also offers peace of mind, ultimately enhancing your home and lifestyle.

That said, if at any point you want a second set of eyes on your plan, help pulling permits, or a pro crew to handle the heavy lifting, our team is here for you. Scholten Construction builds and replaces safe, long-lasting decks that look incredible and meet local requirements—without the guesswork. We can jump in for a design consult, frame-and-finish, or turn-key construction so you end up with a deck you’re proud to show off.

If you’re considering building a new deck with an experienced construction contractor, call Scholten Construction today at 605-351-0861 for a free custom deck build consultation and estimate.